Artificial Bee Colony based Optimal PMU Placement in Power System State Estimation

Advanced power system nowadays demands to ensure accurate estimate of the system states (bus voltages and angles) in order to ensure protection, monitoring, controlling and smooth running of the system. The conventional state estimator estimates the power system states based on the measurements obtained from the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system. Besides, the use of synchronized phasor measurement unit (PMU) has become a popular choice of the time in this field because of its ability of providing the real time phasors of voltage and currents. For a better phase estimation accuracy of the system, proper site selection of placing PMU is a must. Keeping an eye on system observability and system meter economy, it is important to identify the optimal location and number of PMUs to be used in state estimators. This paper presents an optimal solution of PMU’s placement by using one of the most widely used intelligent technique, Artificial Bee Colony (ABC). State estimation is then carried out by placing PMUs on the resultant optimum locations. Both the voltage and current phasors has been taken from the PMUs installed in the buses. The impact of bad data in the measurement series is also investigated. IEEE 14-bus and 30-bus systems has been taken as test system and Weighted Least Square (WLS) Algorithm has been considered as estimator algorithm to carry out the estimation process. Keywords— State Estimation, Phasor Measurement Unit, Optimal PMU placement, Artificial Bee Colony.